*Vasoconstriction: Cocaine causes blood vessels to constrict, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This can result in ischemia (lack of blood supply) to the heart, increasing the risk of a heart attack.

Increased Heart Rate: Cocaine stimulates the heart and increases heart rate. A rapid heart rate can strain the heart and exacerbate any existing cardiovascular conditions, making the heart more vulnerable to ischemia.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Cocaine can elevate blood pressure, putting additional stress on the heart. Persistent high blood pressure can contribute to the development of coronary artery disease and increase the likelihood of a heart attack.

Coronary Artery Spasms: Cocaine use may induce spasms in the coronary arteries, further reducing blood flow to the heart. This can trigger or worsen myocardial ischemia, potentially leading to a heart attack.

Prothrombotic Effects: Cocaine can increase the risk of blood clot formation, leading to thrombosis in the coronary arteries. Blood clots can block blood flow, causing a heart attack.